Wastewater Treatment in Biological System

Biological systems play a crucial role in wastewater treatment and are an essential part of the overall treatment process. These systems use naturally occurring microorganisms to break down organic matter and remove pollutants from wastewater.

1)Aerobic Biological Treatment: Aerobic treatment involves the use of oxygen by microorganisms to degrade organic matter in the wastewater. The microorganisms consume the organic matter, converting it into carbon dioxide, water, and more microbial biomass. The most common form of aerobic treatment is the activated sludge process. Other aerobic treatment methods include aerobic granular sludge, moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR), and sequencing batch reactors (SBR).

2) Anaerobic Biological Treatment: Anaerobic treatment occurs in the absence of oxygen and relies on specialised anaerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter. Anaerobic digestion is a common anaerobic treatment method used in wastewater treatment. In anaerobic digesters, bacteria break down organic materials, producing biogas (a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide) as a byproduct.